A Closer Look — Talkspace

Understanding The Historical Context

The legacy of trauma and its impact on mental health

Historical trauma like this can manifest in a variety of ways, including higher rates of:

• Depression
• Anxiety
• Suicide risk
• Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• Substance use and abuse

Research links the trauma Native Americans have experienced to higher rates in each of these areas compared to the general population.

– Talkspace therapist, Dr. Karmen Smith LCSW DD

The role of cultural identity in healing

For example, the Navajo Nation uses song ceremonies to restore harmony and balance. The Lakota practice Inípi (sweat lodges) as a purification rite that cleanses the spirit and body, allowing seekers to experience spiritual rebirth. 

Honoring cultural identity can enable Native communities to build and strengthen their mental well-being through methods and practices that are significant and meaningful to them.

Mental Health Challenges in Native American Communities

Common mental health issues across nations

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, risk of suicide, increased violence, and substance abuse are all prevalent across different communities. Some studies show that suicide rates for Native American populations are up to 50% higher than other populations. Other research suggests that the rate of suicide is higher for this population than any other minority group. 

Barriers to accessing mental health services

• Geographic isolation: Many tribal communities are in rural or remote areas with limited access to healthcare facilities and infrastructure.
• Shortage of culturally competent providers: Few mental health professionals have training in culturally sensitive care for Native American communities.
• Historical mistrust: A deep-rooted mistrust of the healthcare system, stemming from historical mistreatment and discrimination, often prevents individuals from seeking help.
• Stigma around therapy: Combined with mistrust, the stigma around therapy and seeking mental health support can discourage individuals from pursuing assistance.

“Creating a culturally sensitive environment for those of Native American Heritage starts with having them represented as therapists. Having a diverse staff and actively recruiting those from tribal backgrounds is far superior to offering training on the ancestral trauma and pain that is passed down through epigenetics, although that is a good training to have. The trauma that the Native Americans have experienced in the past continues today, but as a strong proud people, they remind us of their resilience.”

– Talkspace therapist, Dr. Karmen Smith LCSW DD

Traditional Healing Practices & Their Role in Mental Health

The importance of traditional healers and elders

Ceremonial practices and their healing power

• Sweat Lodges: A purification ritual used for physical and emotional renewal, where sitting in a steam-filled lodge is believed to cleanse both body and spirit.
• Talking Circles: A supportive gathering where participants sit in a circle, sharing thoughts and emotions openly in a safe environment.
• Smudging: A ritual that involves burning sacred herbs like sage or sweetgrass to cleanse negative energy and promote peace and mental clarity.

Indigenous approaches to mindfulness and meditation

The Lakota and other nations use their connection to landforms and prayer as a foundation for mental well-being. Their practice revolves around remembering their place in the universe and the feeling connected to their ancestors.

Moving Forward: The Role of Culturally Competent Care